Related:: [[Sankhata]], [[Paticca-samuppada|Dependent Origination]] # Hetu & Paccaya (Cause and Conditions) > [!important] Cause and Condition for the [[Kilesa|Corruption]] and [[Visuddhi|Purificaiton]] of Living Beings — in Mahālisutta ([SN22.60](https://suttacentral.net/sn22.60/en/sujato)) > **(Question of Mahāli)** > “Sir, Pūraṇa Kassapa says this: > _“Pūraṇo, bhante, kassapo evamāha:_ > > ‘There is **==no cause or reason==** for the **corruption of sentient beings**. > _‘**==natthi hetu natthi paccayo==** **sattānaṁ saṅkilesāya**;_ > > Sentient beings are corrupted without cause or reason. > _ahetū appaccayā sattā saṅkilissanti._ > > There’s no cause or reason for the purification of sentient beings. > _Natthi hetu natthi paccayo sattānaṁ visuddhiyā;_ > > Sentient beings are purified without cause or reason.’ > _ahetū appaccayā sattā visujjhantī’ti._ > > What does the Buddha say about this?” > _Idha bhagavā kimāhā”ti?_ > > --- > **(Buddha's Answer: There IS a cause and condition)** > > “Mahāli, **==there is a cause and reason== for the ==corruption of sentient beings==**. > _“**==Atthi==**, mahāli, **==hetu atthi paccayo==** **==sattānaṁ saṅkilesāya==**;_ > > Sentient beings are corrupted with cause and reason. > _sahetū sappaccayā sattā saṅkilissanti._ > > **==There is a cause and reason== for the ==purification of sentient beings==**. > _**==Atthi==, mahāli, ==hetu, atthi paccayo== ==sattānaṁ visuddhiyā==**;_ > > Sentient beings are purified with cause and reason.” > _sahetū sappaccayā sattā visujjhantī”ti._ > > --- > > “But sir, what is the cause and reason for the corruption of sentient beings? > _“Katamo pana, bhante, hetu katamo paccayo sattānaṁ saṅkilesāya;_ > > How are sentient beings corrupted with cause and reason?” > _kathaṁ sahetū sappaccayā sattā saṅkilissantī”ti?_ > > --- > **(Cause of [[Kilesa|Corruption]])** > “Mahāli, **if ==form were exclusively painful==**—soaked and steeped in pain and not steeped in pleasure—sentient beings wouldn’t be **==aroused==** by it. > > _“**==Rūpañca==** hidaṁ, mahāli, **==ekantadukkhaṁ==** abhavissa dukkhānupatitaṁ dukkhāvakkantaṁ anavakkantaṁ sukhena, nayidaṁ sattā rūpasmiṁ **==sārajjeyyuṁ==**._ > > But **==because form is pleasurable==**—soaked and steeped in pleasure and not steeped in pain—sentient beings are **aroused** by it. > _Yasmā ca kho, mahāli, **==rūpaṁ sukhaṁ==** sukhānupatitaṁ sukhāvakkantaṁ anavakkantaṁ dukkhena, tasmā sattā rūpasmiṁ **sārajjanti**;_ > > Since they are **==aroused==** by it, they’re **==caught up in it==**, and so **==they become corrupted==**. > _**==sārāgā==** **==saṁyujjanti==**; **saṁyogā** **==saṅkilissanti==**._ > > **==This is a cause and reason for the corruption of sentient beings==**. > _Ayaṁ kho, mahāli, hetu, ayaṁ paccayo sattānaṁ saṅkilesāya;_ > > This is how sentient beings are corrupted with cause and reason. > _evaṁ sahetū sappaccayā sattā saṅkilissanti._ > > **(... and also for feeling, perception, choices, and consciousness)** > > --- > “But sir, what is the cause and reason for the purification of sentient beings? > _“Katamo pana, bhante, hetu katamo paccayo sattānaṁ visuddhiyā;_ > > How are sentient beings purified with cause and reason?” > _kathaṁ sahetū sappaccayā sattā visujjhantī”ti?_ > > --- > **(Cause of [[Visuddhi|Purificaiton]])** > “Mahāli, if **form was perfectly pleasurable**—soaked and steeped in pleasure and not steeped in pain—sentient beings wouldn’t grow **disillusioned** with it. > > _“**==Rūpañca==** hidaṁ, mahāli, **==ekantasukhaṁ==** abhavissa sukhānupatitaṁ sukhāvakkantaṁ anavakkantaṁ dukkhena, nayidaṁ sattā rūpasmiṁ **==nibbindeyyuṁ==**._ > > But because **==form is painful==**—soaked and steeped in pain and not steeped in pleasure—sentient beings do grow **disillusioned** with it. > _Yasmā ca kho, mahāli, **==rūpaṁ dukkhaṁ==** dukkhānupatitaṁ dukkhāvakkantaṁ anavakkantaṁ sukhena, tasmā sattā rūpasmiṁ **nibbindanti**;_ > > Being **==disillusioned==**, **==desire fades away==**. When desire fades away they are **==purified==**. > _**==nibbindaṁ==** **==virajjanti==**; virāgā **==visujjhanti==**._ > > This is a cause and reason for the purification of sentient beings. > _Ayaṁ kho, mahāli, hetu, ayaṁ paccayo, sattānaṁ visuddhiyā._ > > This is how sentient beings are purified with cause and reason. > _Evaṁ sahetū sappaccayā sattā visujjhanti._ > > **(... and also for feeling, perception, choices, and consciousness)** ^hetu-paccaya-sankilesa ## [[Destiny]] is a Wrong View > [!error] Wrong view: No cause and condition, but only [[Destiny]] — In Hetusutta ([SN24.7](https://suttacentral.net/sn24.7/en/sujato)) > “Mendicants, when what exists, because of grasping what and insisting on what, does the view arise: > _“Kismiṁ nu kho, bhikkhave, sati, kiṁ upādāya, kiṁ abhinivissa evaṁ diṭṭhi uppajjati:_ > > ‘**==There is no cause or reason==** for the **corruption of sentient beings**. > _‘**==natthi hetu, natthi paccayo==** **sattānaṁ saṅkilesāya**._ > > Sentient beings are corrupted without cause or reason. > _Ahetū appaccayā sattā saṅkilissanti._ > > There’s **no cause or reason for the purification of sentient beings**. > _Natthi hetu, natthi paccayo sattānaṁ visuddhiyā._ > > Sentient beings are purified without cause or reason. > _Ahetū appaccayā sattā visujjhanti._ > > There is **no power, no energy, no human strength or vigor**. > _Natthi balaṁ natthi vīriyaṁ natthi purisathāmo natthi purisaparakkamo._ > > **All sentient beings, all living creatures, all beings, all souls ==lack control, power, and energy==**. **==Molded by destiny, circumstance, and nature==, they experience pleasure and pain in the six classes of rebirth**’?” > > _Sabbe sattā sabbe pāṇā sabbe bhūtā sabbe jīvā **==avasā abalā avīriyā==** niyatisaṅgatibhāvapariṇatā chasvevābhijātīsu sukhadukkhaṁ paṭisaṁvedentī’”ti?_ > > (**[[Hetu & Paccaya#^hetu-paccaya-sankilesa|Actual Answer]]**) ^ahetu-apaccaya **Another Answer:** ![[SN22.100 Dutiyagaddulabaddhasutta#^citta-corruption-purification]] ## Videos ![[☸️📒 {Eryu} Dhamma Reads#^2oylq2]] ## Suttas - [[AN3.61 Titthāyatanasutta]] - SN22.60 Mahālisutta ([link](https://suttacentral.net/sn22.60/en/sujato)) - SN24.7 Hetusutta ([link](https://suttacentral.net/sn24.7/en/sujato)) - No cause and condition but only destiny is a wrong view - MN60 Apaṇṇakasutta ([link](https://suttacentral.net/mn60/en/sujato))