Related:: [[Dhamma]], [[Sangha|Saṅgha]] # Buddha ![[buddha pic (with sun).png|500]] ## What is Buddha? > [!TLDR] What is Buddha? > - Buddha = _[[Bhava]]_ + _Uddha_ (beyond) = One who has removed the "becoming" > - See [[#The Qualities of Buddha]] > - What did the Buddha teach? > - [[Dukkha|Suffering]] and how to end the suffering. ### The Qualities of Buddha The Buddha is defined by the following qualities, which is further explained in [[Vandana|Vandanā]]. ![[DN2 Sāmaññaphalasutta#^buddha-vandana]] ## Buddha v.s. [[Arahat]] > [!NOTE] Buddha v.s. Arahats ([MN108](https://suttacentral.net/mn108/en/sujato)) > “Mister Ānanda, ==is there even a single mendicant who has all the same qualities in each and every way as possessed by Mister Gotama==, the perfected one, the fully awakened Buddha?” > > _“atthi nu kho, bho ānanda, ekabhikkhupi tehi dhammehi sabbenasabbaṁ sabbathāsabbaṁ samannāgato yehi dhammehi samannāgato so bhavaṁ gotamo ahosi arahaṁ sammāsambuddho”ti?_ > > --- > ==“No, brahmin, there is not.== > > _“Natthi kho, brāhmaṇa, ekabhikkhupi tehi dhammehi sabbenasabbaṁ sabbathāsabbaṁ samannāgato yehi dhammehi samannāgato so bhagavā ahosi arahaṁ sammāsambuddho._ > > For the Blessed One gave rise to the **==unarisen path==**, gave birth to the **==unborn path==**, and explained the **==unexplained path==**. He is the **==knower==** of the path, the **==discoverer==** of the path, the **==expert==** on the path. > > _So hi, brāhmaṇa, bhagavā **anuppannassa** maggassa uppādetā, **asañjātassa** maggassa sañjanetā, **anakkhātassa** maggassa akkhātā, **maggaññū**, **maggavidū**, **maggakovido**;_ > > And now the **==disciples== live following the path**; they acquire it later.” > _maggānugā ca pana etarahi **==sāvakā==** viharanti pacchā samannāgatā”ti._ ## Buddha's Life ![[MN26 Pāsarāsisutta#^7-qualities-buddha-aspired]] ![[DN16 Mahāparinibbānasutta#^last-words-appamadena-sampadetha]] ## Map of Buddha's life ![[screenshot_20210210-101112.png|500]] *(From: [[{Book} The Life of the Buddha — by Bhikkhu Ñanamoli]])* ![[Buddha-1676319580405.jpeg]] *(source: [SuttaCentral.net](https://suttacentral.net/map?lang=en))* ### 3 Key Locations - **Kapilavatthu | Capital of Shakya clan | Buddha's birth place** - Gotama lived there until 29 (hence Shakyamuni) - **Jeta's Grove (Jetavana) | Sāvatthī (舍卫国), Kosala | Anāthapiṇḍika’s Park** - Inside the kingdom of [[AN10.29 Paṭhamakosalasutta|Kosala]], ruled by **King Pasenadi** - *"At one time the Buddha was staying near Sāvatthī in Jeta’s Grove, Anāthapiṇḍika’s monastery."* (Sujato) - *"ekaṁ samayaṁ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṁ viharati **==jetavane==** anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme."* - Buddha spent 25 rainy seasons here and gave 871 sutta when living here. - **Bamboo Grove | Rājagaha (王舍城), Magadha | Squirrels' Sancturary** - Inside the kingdom of Magadha, gifted to the Buddha by **king Bimbisara** - Bimbisara's son is King Ajātasattu Vedehiputta, who conversed with Buddha in [[DN2 Sāmaññaphalasutta|DN2]]. He took the life of his father and hence was not able to attain sotapanna even after hearing the superb sermon of DN2 from the Buddha. - _"At one time the Buddha was staying near Rājagaha, in the **Bamboo Grove**, the **squirrels’ feeding ground**."_ (Sujato) - _"ekaṁ samayaṁ bhagavā rājagahe viharati **==veḷuvane kalandakanivāpe==**."_ - _"The Blessed One was living at Rājagaha in the Bamboo Grove, the Squirrels’ Sanctuary"_ (Thanissaro Bhikkhu) ### Google map ![[Screen Shot 2022-04-04 at 3.2.png|600]] ![[Screen Shot 2022-04-04 at 3.png|600]] ![[Screen Shot 2022-04-04 at 3.1.png|600]] ### Books - [[{Book} Buddha — by Karen Armstrong]] - [[{Book} The Life of the Buddha — by Bhikkhu Ñanamoli]] ### Suttas - Life of Buddha - Buddha's own path - [[MN26 Pāsarāsisutta|MN26 Pāsarāsisutta]] (Buddha's own Search) - [[MN85 Bodhirājakumārasutta]] (More details in the practice of extreme asceticism) - SNP3.2 Padhānasutta ([link](https://suttacentral.net/snp3.2/en/sujato)) - Buddha facing Māra with utmost determination and courage - MN4 Bhayabheravasutta ([link](https://suttacentral.net/mn4/en/sujato)) - How Buddha vanquished his Fear - First Sermon - [[SN56.11 Dhammacakkappavattanasutta]] - Parinibbāna (Death) - [[DN16 Mahāparinibbānasutta]] - Buddha's Qualities - [[DN28 Sampasādanīyasutta]] - Sariputta inspired confidence in the Buddha using 16 Qualities of the Buddha - DN30 Lakkhaṇasutta ([link](https://suttacentral.net/dn30/en/sujato)) - Buddha's 32 distinguished bodily features - Past Buddhas - [Buddhavaṁsa](https://suttacentral.net/bv) - DN14 Mahāpadānasutta ([link](https://suttacentral.net/dn14/en/sujato)) - On Past 6 Buddhas, and extensively on Buddha Vipassī (the 1st out of the 6)