Parent:: [[Pali|Pāli]] Related:: [[Pali Vocabulary]] # 巴利语 (Pāli) 常见词 > [!notes] Dictionary > - http://agama.buddhason.org/study/note.htm > [!info] Learning Resource > - [[簡易巴利語經文解讀自學]] > - [[簡要巴漢辭典]] > - [[莊春江工作站]] > - 笔记：[[Learning Pali|巴利语学习笔记]] ## 初学者、常见巴利词汇 - 常用 - rāga - 贪 - dosa (or dvesha) - 嗔 - moha - 痴 - nibbāna = nirvana（梵文） = 涅槃、解脱 - dhamma = dharma（梵文） = 佛法 - 三法印 - anicca = all which arises passes away = [[Anicca|无常]] - dukkha = [[Dukkha|苦]] - sukha = 乐 - anatta = no unchanging personality = [[Anatta|无我]] - 五取蕴 ([[Pancupadanakkhandha|Pañcupādānakkhandhā]]) - rūpa = form = 色（地、水、火、风、空间、意识） - vedanā = feeling = 受（感受） = 好的（乐），不好的（苦），不好不坏的（不苦不乐）的三种感受 - saññā = perception = 想 = “辨认” = “认出来” - saṅkhāra = willful actions = 行（意图以及其伴随的行为）= “想做” = “行动” - viññāṇa = consciousness = 识（意识）= “体验者” & “行动者” - 四果 (4 fruits) - sōtapanna ([wiki](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sot%C4%81panna)) = stream enterer = 须陀洹（初果） - sakadāgāmi = once-returner = 斯陀含 (二果) - anāgāmi = non-returner = 阿那含（三果） - arahat = 阿罗汉 (四果) - 常用词 - jhāna = [[Jhana|禅定]] - kamma = karma = 业 - taṇhā = craving = thirst（渴）= 贪爱 = 想要 （人、事、物，境界，感受） - upādāna = grasping = 执著 = 取 - dāna = 布施 - dasa akusala = 10 immoral deeds = 十不善业 - paṭicca samuppāda (i.e. [[Paticca-samuppada|PS]]) = dependent origination = 十二因缘 - 因缘 = 因 + 缘 = [[Paticca-samuppanna]] + [[Sankhata]] - e.g. 生是死的“因”，碰到什么样的医生是”缘“ - [[Sankhata|Saṅkhata]] = Conditioned = 依缘 - “有为法” = saṃskṛta-dharma (sankhata dhamma) - 次常用词 - 八正道 1. Sammā diṭṭhi = 正见 2. Sammā saṅkappo = 正思维（正志） 3. Sammā vācā = 正语 4. Sammā kammanto = 正业 5. Sammā ājīvo = 正命 6. Sammā vāyāmo = 正精进 7. Sammā sati = 正念 8. Sammā samādhi = 正定 - manasikāra = 作意 = 注意力 - yoniso manasikāra = 正思惟/善思惟, **"如理作意"** - ayoniso manasikāra = 非如理作意 - virāga = 无贪 - nibbidā = 厌离 = 一种"厌倦"、感到"没意思"的感觉，而不是“厌世”，“讨厌” - Eryu: Like seeing a "sand castle" being transient and empty of essence - 佛法 - （缘起）"此有故彼有。此灭则彼灭" (周贵银) - imasmiṁ sati idaṁ hoti, imassuppādā idaṁ uppajjati, - imasmiṁ asati idaṁ na hoti, imassa nirodhā idaṁ nirujjhati ## Reverence to Buddha ![[Vandana#^mano-tassa]] **礼敬世尊、阿罗汉 (值得供养者)、正等正觉的佛陀（三次**） ## Reference: - http://agama.buddhason.org/study/index.htm - http://agama.buddhason.org/study/text.htm